Artificial Insemination

 

    Artificial Insemination

Artificial insemination is the process of collecting sperm cells from a male animal and manually depositing them into the reproductive tract of a female.

'or'

Artificial insemination is the process by which semen is deposited inside the female's reproductive tract by means of instruments.

 

AI is the first great biotechnology applied to improve the reproduction and genetics of farm animals. AI is the primary tool for animal breeders to propagate superior germplasm more quickly and efficiently. AI technology is the prime factor behind the dairy industry's success and India's top position in milk production.

    History and Development

Artificial insemination is a technique in which semen with living sperm is collected from the male and introduced into the female reproductive tract properly with the help of instruments.

·       The first scientific research in A. I of domestic animals was performed on dogs in 1780 by the Italian Scientist Lozano.

·       In 1936, Brownell was inseminating cows in the Cornell herd.

·       In 1938, A. I Cooperative was established in New Jersey, modelled after Danish System.

    Advantages

F Increase the usefulness of a superior sire to an extraordinary degree.

F Services of superior sire are greatly extended.

F It helps in better record keeping.

F Old, heavy and injured sires can be used.

F There is no need to maintain a breeding bull for a herd; hence the cost of maintenance of a breeding bull is saved.

F Increases the rate of conception.

    Disadvantages

F Requires well-trained operations and unique types of equipment.

F Requires more time than natural services.

F Lack of understanding of A.I.

F Markets for bulls will be reduced.

F Necessities the knowledge of the structure and function of reproduction.

 

 

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